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As a woman approaches her ninth month of pregnancy, she may begin to wonder if she will be able to tell when she is Child birth prelabor, or Braxton Hicks indicators are the symptoms a woman experiences as her body is preparing for the arrival of her new child. Often, women confuse these symptoms with actual child birth.going into labor.
• Pain in the stomach or an upset stomach
• Diarrhea
• Dropping of the baby, increase in pressure on the pelvis (The woman may begin to feel as if she can breathe easier as the baby has shifted)
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• Loss of mucous plug
• Change in energy (either decreased or increased)
• Irregular contractions
• Changing positions or moving does not affect the contractions
When actual child birth is near, a womans body will begin to provide indicative signs
• Cervix opens and thins
• Contractions get much stronger and occur closer together (A general rule is five or more contractions in a single hour indicates a woman is in labor.)
• Contractions occur on a regular pattern
• Movement makes the contractions stronger
• Unrelenting lower back pain
• Increased vaginal discharge
• Rupture of membranes, also known as when the womans water breaks
it should be noted that not all pregnant women experience all these child birth indicators. All women experience child birth differently. A woman should not worry if her body fails to produce any labor signs.
Stage 1 - from the onset of labor to full cervix dilation
Stage - from full cervix dilation to delivery of baby
Stage - from delivery of baby to expulsion of placenta
Stage 4 - from expulsion of placenta to afterbirth recovery
Stage 1 consists of regular uterine contractions with cervix dilation. Full cervix dilation occurs at approximately 4 inches. The length of this stage varies from mother to mother. It depends on many factors including but not limited to previous pregnancies, the health and condition of the mother and fetus, patience of the doctor (or midwife) and willingness to induce labor, medications used at this stage, hospital versus home birth, etc.
Stage generally takes from 15 to 50 minutes. During this time, uterine contractions strengthen and become more frequent. During this stage mother will feel the need to bear down and push. The baby goes through a series of passive movements - especially the head, which undergoes flexion, internal rotation, extension, external rotation, and crowning (the first sign of the babys head).
This stage consists of the period immediately following birth to the expulsion of the placenta - generally taking 5 to 10 minutes. Should the placenta not easily come out, tugging or pulling should not be performed. Gentle uterine massage may be utilized to assist in the release. The placenta should always be examined to be sure no parts remain within the uterus. This can become detrimental to the mother causing hemorrhage and/or death.
BACK TO MENUDuring this stage, mother is monitored to be sure no uterine bleeding or other complications occur.
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Insufficient Power
Sufficient power and coordinated contractions are essential for a smooth uncomplicated labor. When the power of the contractions are weak or the pattern of contractions disorganized, the mother is more likely to become exhausted. This can cause fetal distress resulting in fetal harm and/or c-section. The following are causes of insufficient power or improper contractions
• disordered uterine action
• colicky uterus
• constriction ring - Bandls ring
• rigid cervix
• edematous cervix
• annular detachment
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Passage Obstruction
Passage way obstructions (pelvic, uterine, cervix, etc.) can complicate the birthing process. These include
• tumors
• cysts
• fractures
• subluxations
• flat male-like pelvis (android)
• physiological changes (degenerative joint disease, tuberculosis, rickets, osteomalacia)
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Baby Malpositions
Malpositioning of the fetus can lead to abnormal birth presentations. Some of the more common malpositioned birth presentations include
Upside Down Presentation
This presentation occurs in approximately 1% of births and involves a presentation where the baby presents in an upside down or sunny side up position. If the baby does not turn to the proper position or turns late, the newborn will generally develop cone head. This position also produces what is known as back labor. This can be significantly reduced in women who receive regular chiropractic care during their pregnancy.
Breech Presentation
In a breech presentation, the feet or buttock present first as opposed to the head. This presentation occurs in about 1 out of every 40 births. Possible complications can be serious and include
• intracranial bleeding
• neck dislocation
• shoulder dislocation
• hip dislocation
• clavicle fracture
• internal organ disruption
• genital edema
• premature placental rupture
• prolapsed cord
• uterine rupture
Face Presentation
Face presentation occurs approximately every ,000 births. In this presentation, the baby presents face first with the neck in extension. Causes include a lax uterus, flat pelvis, multiple fetus, anencephaly, or neck spasms of the fetus. This is stressful on the cervical spine and usually results in a cervical subluxation in the newborn. Chiropractic care by a chiropractor trained in adjusting newborns is crucial for the continued proper growth of the spine.
Shoulder Presentation
The shoulder presentation occurs in every 00-00 births and involves a shoulder first delivery. The causes include
• twin birth
• hydramnios - excess of amniotic fluid
• placenta praevia - part of the uterus presents before the fetus due to placental malposition
• multiparity - a women who has had or more children
• sub-septae uterus
• unusual fetal shape
• undue mobility of the pelvis
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Forceps Delivery
In the event there is fetal or mother distress, or the labor is not going as planned, forceps assistance may be used. As forceps can cause a number of problems, forceps should only be used in absolutely necessary situations. The following injuries can result from improper/inappropriate forceps use
• skull fractures
• birth marks
• doctor-induced torticollis
• brachial plexus damage
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Cesarean Section
Although c-sections were becoming very popular a short while back, experts now recommend avoiding this procedure unless the mother or fetus are in extreme distress. This is due to the invasiveness of the procedure and unnecessary stresses placed on the baby. The indications for cesareans are
1. placenta praevia - part of the uterus presents before the fetus due to placental malposition
. fetal distress
. maternal distress
4. failure for labor to progress
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