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Santa Fe Architectural Style

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What does New Mexico Architectural Style mean? The early settlers in New Mexico came from Mexico and Spain in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries. Don Juan de Onate colonized the area above Espanola in 158, one hundred eight years after Columbus came to the Americas. The early settlers of New Mexico were completely familiar with adobe construction methods, which had been developed six to eight thousand years by Moors, who came to Spain in the fifth century and brought the system with them from Egypt and the Middle East.


According to nineteenth-century descriptions Hispanic New Mexican houses are very similar in character to the Mediterranean house. All the rooms opened into the court, and there was a porch or portal running around all four- court walls.


The "Spanish-pueblo" (10s and 10s) is the earliest form and prevalent in Spain at the time of settlement of New Mexico. This is a style where the walls are in adobe from two feet thick to thirty or thirty six inches thick. The relationship between the wall and his thick depend of the height of the wall. The floor of the early houses were in adobe mud smoothes by hand and often were painted with bloom from animals producing a dark, black brown color.


For the roof structure, pine lays across the walls. A layer of straws was laid over this and then about eighteen to twenty-four inches of adobe mud applied. The surface was almost flat,


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The territorial style is a combination of several elements. Walls were of adobe with burned brick firewall. Those walls were plastered with lime-sand stucco, which is much better than the cement stucco used today. Windows in the territorial style was set outside face of the wall. The beams were often square with sawn or split boards laid over The burned clay tile roof, typical of modern Spain and Mexico was not found in New Mexico before about 1880.


The New Mexico Architectural Style is rich in details, when artist form other parts of the country invaded the Taos area in the late 1800s and Santa Fe in the 10s a rich creative force as added to the local craft of building.


First, Windows in Pueblo Style were small, barred with wooden gratings and covered with heavy wooden because of the need for defense against Indians and protection from the elements. Sheets of mica were sometimes used between the bars to admit light in the daytime and protection of the wind and cold during the nighttime.


The coming of the railroad brought new architectural styles such as hardware and clear window glass, in that moment window became larger and more decorative. Fancy iron windows became from Mexico in the early 100s. They painted curtains and other design on glass windows. Some churches painted colorful imitation stained glass on windowpanes.


Second, the Spanish colonists for mission churches introduced wooden doors into New Mexico. Before this, blankets or skins were used to keep the cold out of the house. These heavy doors generally lacked metal hinges an arrangement that allowed rotating; they were made from six to eight panels fastened together. Doors in the early days were quite small, only two feet wide and four to five feet high. Most were undecorated


With the arrival of the railroad in the late nineteenth century, New Mexico Architectural began to change drastically. The true frame and panel doors from colonial times were replaced by doors made of strips molding nailed onto milled lumber boards -1/" thick by 4-10 " wide. The native carpenter became to create new and interesting designs. Doors were decorated with elaborated design.


Local carpenter began to construct beautiful doors for adobe farmhouses they elaborated and create old classical styles, using their own variations with sufficient quantities of tools. Actually these doors are known as Penascos doors and the design vary from village to village, and each doors is different from the other.


Finally, The colors used to paint the decorative details on New Mexico's architectural are similar to the colors of the environment such as the intense blue of the sky, the reds found in the sunset, orange in the mountain and the subtler colors in the desert.


Little is known about to paint during the early colonial years, but with few exceptions wood surface were left with protective varnish made from pine resin. The first documented example was in Village Senteros in where they began making retablos (pictures in wood surface) for the churches, using water-soluble pigments, made from different things. In the same way, some furniture and architectural features were painted during this period but after 1880s paints became available.


During the Spanish- Pueblo period of the 10s and 10s was the beginning of the Santa Fe Style, the use of bright colors on architectural details blossomed. However today, most of the gates and doors are not painted; some are left natural, allowed the beauty of the wood and excelling the design to dominate.


Many different kind of paint are used on the architectural features. In exteriors, weather-resistant oil base house paint is popular. In interior is using anything from weathersoluble tempera or an artist oil paint.


In conclusion, New Mexico Architecture Style has a lot of history and one of the way to know about New Mexico State is to know about his architecture because we can see what happened and happen right know. Each part in the architecture has history, windows, doors, and colors are the most important things during the environment in the New Mexico Architectural Style because they show us all the process of our state. Step by step the evolution of our reality and, in spire of, New Mexico Style was, is and will be important in this moment in our life. We life in New Mexico State and this style is with us.


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